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Concept VII · Participation

Referendum

The people deciding directly on a defined question of law or policy.

Concept VII in the assembly, marked in red.
Fig. 1Concept VII in the assembly, marked in red.

A referendum puts a defined question to the voters for a direct decision. Poliarchism examines when a referendum is the right tool, how questions should be framed, and how citizens can be informed fairly before they vote.

In brief

  • Clear questions, fair information for every side.
  • Defined thresholds and binding effect.
  • Used for questions that belong to the people.

For discussion

Which public questions should only ever be settled by the people directly?